Biodiversity -the variability
- Genetic diversity
- species diversity
- ecosystem diversity
kingdom Phylum class order family genus speciesclassification system
1]types of cell prokaryote/eu
2] cell organisation iun/multicellulaar
3]mode of feeding saprophytic /photosynthesis/holozoic
Robert .Whittaker
1.kingdom monera prokaryotes /unicellular/asexual /size 70/single chromosomes /circular / motile / DNAplasmid/Flagella /Pili/Capsule(polysaccharides)
Eubacteria- E.coli /Cynobacteria(blue green algae)/Nostoc (nitro-fixation)
Archaebacteria-most chemoautotrophs (oxidation of inorganic material)-Sulfolubus
Methanogens produce methane gas from O2+Co2Halophiles High salt concentration
Difference -cell wall (Eubacteria gt peptidoglycan)
-histone protein(eubacteria no have)
-membrane lipid (unbranced carbon chain)
-habitat(eubacteria extreme)
classification of monera -1)cell shape
coccus -Pneumococcus(single)-staphlocuccus(cluster )-Stretococcus-Chain
bacillus(rod shape)-e.g. E.Coli
Sprillla e.g sprillum
2) Gram stain
technique1 crystal violet stain purple 2iodine form complex 3wash alcohol4Stain Safranin solution Targert POSITIVE GRAIN
Peptidoglycan lot
colour purple negative pink
lipopolysaccharide layer NO Yes
less threatening
penicillin can stop
ege. streptococcus E.coli/Salmonella/Azobacter
3)flagella position
monotricous
Amphitricous
Laphotricous
peritricous
Importance of monera
- Recycling of chemical element in ecosystem (nitrogen fixation)
- Pathogenic
- Symbiotic relationship(milk digestion)
- Technology and medical research
- Food processing(yogurt)